Letter from the saint Papa to the queen Helena

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pb. Text begins: E 71v; A 48v; B 115v; M1 35v; C 13v; M3 104r ܕܡܼܢ ܩܕܝܫܐ ܦܦܐ ܠܘܬ ܗܹܠܹܢܐ ܡܠܟܬܐ.

ܠܐܡܐ ܒܪܝܟܬܐ ܡܠܟܬܐ ܡܗܝܡܢܬܐ ܗܹܠܹܢܐ: ܦܦܐ ܥܒܕܗ ܕܝܫܘܥ ܘܣܵܓܘܕܐ ܘܡܝܩܪܢܐ ܕܨܠܝܒܗ܆ ܫܠܵܡ. ܐܝܠܝܢ ܡܪܬܝ ܡܠܟܬܐ ܕܬܒܥܬܝ ܡܸܢܢ܆ ܠܐ ܣܦܩܝܢ ܙܘܥܝܢ̈ ܕܢܕܪܟ ܐܲܝܕܐ ܕܥܵܕܪܐ܇ ܘܢܟܬܘܒ ܠܟܝ. ܡܛܠ ܕܟܪ̈ܣܛܝܢܐ ܕܦܢܝܬܢ ܒܡܣܟܢܘܬܐ ܡܫܬܒܗܪܝܢ. ܘܒܐܣܘܪ̈ܐ ܘܒܐܘܠܨ̈ܢܐ ܕܓܢܸܣ ܓܢܸܣ. ܘܟܘܪܚܐ ܙܥܘܪܐ܆ ܪܘܝܼܚ ܗ̄ܘܼ ܠܒܝܬ ܨܠܘܬܐ ܕܝܠܢ. ܘܠܘ ܡܛܠ ܕܐܝܬܝܢ ܚܒܢ̈ܢܐ ܘܡܩܛ̈ܥܐ ܡܼܢ ܒܢܝ̈ܢܐ܇ ܐܠܐ ܡܛܠ ܕܠܐ ܢܥܘܠ ܥܠܲܝܢ ܚܣܡܐ ܕܚܢ̈ܦܐ ܒܝܕ ܒܢܝ̈ܢܐ ܪܘܪ̈ܒܐ܇ ܘܡܬܒܨܪ ܬܘܠܡܕܐ ܕܟܪܣܛܝܢܘܬܐ ܒܩܘܢܕܝܢܘܣ ܕܪ̈ܕܘܦܝܐ ܕܡܩܝܡܝܢ ܥܠܝܢ. ܘܐܦ ܬܫܡܫܬܐ ܕܡܢܟܘܢ ܐܫܬܕܪܬܸ ܠܢ܆ ܐܠܝܼܨܝܼܢܢ ܒܢܛܘܪܬܗܿ. ܘܕܢܦܩܝܗܿ ܠܓܠܝܐ ܘܢܫܡܫ ܒܗܿ ܆ ܕܚܠܝܢܢ ܕܠܡܐ ܒܥܠܠܬ̈ܐ ܡܬܢܣܒܐ ܡܢܢ. ܘܠܐ ܗ̄ܘܼܵܐ1ܒܠܚܘܕ ܡܼܢ ܚܢ̈ܦܐ ܩܢܛܝܢܢ܆ ܐܠܐ ܐܦ ܡܼܢ ܝܗܘ̈ܕܝܼܐ ܘܡܪ̈ܩܝܘܢܐ. pb. M1 36r ܕܡܼܢ ܕܐܬܩܦܚܘ ܒܐܘܚܕܢܟܘܢ pb. C 14r ܒܫܘܠܛܢܐ ܕܡܠܟܘܬܟܘܢ܆ ܠܦܢܝܬܢ2 ܗܕܐ ܥܪܩܘ ܘܐܬܼܘ ܡܼܢ ܩܕܡ ܦܘܩܕܢܟܼܘܢ܆ ܣܢܐܬܐ ܡܫܡܠܝܬܐ ܐܘܣܸܦܘ3 ܘܣܢܼܘ ܠܢ . ܘܒܟܠ ܙܒܢ ܡܪܟܒܝܢ ܥܠܝܢ ܥ̈ܠܠܬܐ pb. B 116r/231 ܕܓܠܬ̈ܐ. ܘܗܘܝܢ ܠܢ ܩܛܐܓܪ̈ܢܐ ܒܝܬ ܕܝ̈ܢܐ ܥܠܡܝ̈ܢܝܐ. ܚܢܢ ܗܵܠܝܹܢ ܕܠܘܬܢ ܕܢܟܬܘܒ ܘܢܘܕܥ ܠܟܝ ܐܝܟ ܟܪܝܼܗܐ ܕܡܚܘܐ ܟܐܒܗ ܘܟܘܪܗܢܗ ܠܐܣܝܐ. ܘܡܐ ܕܚܼܙܐ ܐܣܝܐ ܚܟܝܡܐ ܐܢ ܐܝܬ ܥܠܘܗܝ ܣܒܪܐ4 ܗܸܘ ܝܿܕܿܥ ܕܢܥܒܕ ܠܗ ܐܣܝܘܬܐ. ܗܵܠܝܹܢ ܕܬܚܸܝܬܼ5 ܫܘܠܛܢܢ ܣܝ̈ܡܢ ܒܦܢܝ̈ܬܢ ܒܦܣܝ̈ܩܬܐ ܪܫܡܢܢ pb. M3 104v ܐܢܝ̈ܢ ܠܡܠܟܘܬܟܝ. ܘܫܘܠܛܢܐ ܘܚܟܡܬܐ ܘܕܪܥܐ ܘܓܢܒܪܘܬܐ ܘܙܟܘܬܐ ܕܡܫܝܚܐ ܆ ܠܘܬܟܘܢ6. ܐܢ̄ܬܘܢ ܙܕܩܿ ܕܬܒܚܪܘܢ ܒܝܕܥܬܟܘܢ ܘܬܕܥܘܢ7 ܒܫܘܠܛܢܐ. ܘܐܿܝܕܐ ܕܝܕܥܝܢ ܐܢ̄ܬܘܢ ܕܥܕܪܐ ܐܘܕܥܘܢ ܠܐܟܣܢܝܘܬܢ. ܡܿܪܬܝ ܠܨܒܝܢܐ ܛܒܐ8 ܕܡܠܟܘܬܟܘܢ ܩܒܠܢܢ. ܐܝܟ ܡܘܗܒܬܐ ܕܪܒܐ9 ܡܼܢ ܒܢܝܢܗܿ ܕܥܕܬܐ. ܘܐܦ ܒܟܘܢ ܫܒܚܝܢ10 ܠܐܠܗܐ ܡܪܝܐ ܡܫܝܚܐ: ܘܒܬܟܫܦܬܐ ܘܒܬܚܢܢܬܐ11 ܘܒܚܘܒܐ ܘܒܕܚܠܬܐ ܡܼܢ ܐܲܢܘܼܣܝܵܐ ܕܠܒܐ12 ܒܥܕܬܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܨܠܘܬܐ ܥܠܲܝܟܘܢ ܩܪܒܝܢܢ13 [.]14 ܘܝܬܝܪܐܝܬ܆ ܐܢܐ ܦܦܐ ܡܚܝܼܠܐ ܘܚܛܝܐ ܘܙܥܘܪܐ ܕܟܠܗܘܢ pb. C 14v ܬܠܡܝ̈ܕܘܗܝ ܕܡܫܝܚܐ ܒܕܡ̈ܥܐ ܚܢܝ̈ܓܬܐ ܡܬܟܫܦ ܐ̄ܢܐ ܠܗ ܠܡܪܝܐ15 ܕܗܘܸ ܢܦܩܘܕ16 ܝܡܝܢܗ ܥܠܝܟܘܢ. ܘܢܦܩܘܕ ܠܡܠܐܟܘ̈ܗܝ ܩܕ̈ܝܫܐ ܆ ܕܢܢܛܪܘܢܟܘܢ ܒܟܠܗܝܢ17 ܐܘܪ̈ܚܬܟܘܢ. ܘܐܝܟ ܪܥܝܐ ܕܡܫܩܠ ܠܐܡܪ̈ܘܗܝ18 pb. A 49r ܘܠܥܪ̈ܒܘܗܝ ܥܠ ܟܬܦܬ̈ܗ ܆ ܗܟܢܐ ܬܫܩܠܘܢ19 ܐܢܘܢ ܠܒܢܝ̈ܗܿ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܥܠ ܟܬ̈ܦܬܐ [ܕܫܘܠܛܟܘܢ20. pb. E 72r; C ends (early) ܘܟܠܗܘܢ ܡܗܝ̈ܡܢܐ ܒܬܘܩܢ ܡܠܟܘܬܟܘܢ ܢܬܚܝܠܘܢ. ܘܒܟܘܢ ܢܬܥܫܢܘܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ]21 pb. B 109v/219 ܟܪ̈ܣܛܝܵܢܹܐ ܥܡܪ̈ܝ ܬܒܝܠ܇ ܫܠܡܐ ܒܟܬܒܬܸ ܐܝܕܐ ܕܝܠܝ ܦܦܐ ܫܕܪܬ ܠܡܠܟܘܬܟܘܢ ܡܗܝܡܢܬܐ. ܨܠܝܒܗ ܕܦܪܘܩܢ ܡܫܝܚܐ : ܕܒܗ ܐܬܬܪܝܡܬܸ ܘܐܬܪܡܪܡܬܸ ܡܠܟܘܬܟܘܢ ܆ ܗܘܸ ܢܢܛܪ ܠܟܠܗܿ ܥܕܬܐ ܕܬܚܝܬܸ ܫܡܝܐ ܐܡܝܢ.

Translation

From the saint Papa to the queen Helena

To the blessed mother, the believing queen Helena, Papa servant of Jesus and worshipper and devotee of His cross. Peace.

My lady queen, these [things] that you seek from us, our mental faculties are not sufficient to reach [an idea of] what is useful and [then] to write to you, because the Christians of our region glorify themselves in poverty, chains and in [their] various sufferings. And a small hut is large as our house of prayer; and [this] not because we are lazy and negligent concerning the buildings, but so that the jealousy of the pagans does not act wickedly against us because of the greatness [of our] buildings; the catechizing of Christianity is absent because of the danger of persecutions raised against us. And we are compelled to keep safe the liturgical office that you sent to us, but we are afraid to offer it openly and to perform the office according to its rite, lest it is taken away from us with pretexts. And it is not only the pagans that we fear, but also the Jews and Marcionites, who, as they were oppressed in your jurisdiction from the authority of your kingdom, flee in this region of ours, and they came here before your decree. They have entirely increased enmity, and they hated us. And every time, they set against us clear pretexts, and they accuse us in the secular tribunals. We briefly delineated to your majesty these things about us – in order to write and let you know, as one who is sick with a disease [informs] his physician of his pain and his illness; and when the wise physician see if there is hope22 for him, he knows the cure that is good for him – those [things] that are put under your authority in our regions. And the authority, the wisdom, the arm, the heroism and the victory of Christ [are] with you. It is right for you to examine according to your knowledge and to understand23 according to your authority. Inform us who are foreigners what you think you could do to help. My lady, we receive the good will of your majesty as a gift greater than building churches. And also in you we glorify God Lord Christ, and with supplications, fervent prayer24, love and with the fear that comes from the anxiety of the heart, we offer a prayer for you in the Church of God; and especially me, the poor and sinner Papa, and the least of all the disciples of Christ, with sad tears I supplicate the Lord to command (sic25) his right hand upon you, and to command to his holy angels to guard you in all your ways (cf. Ps 91 [90], 11), and as a shepherd who carries his lambs and his sheep on his shoulders, so you will carry the sons of the Church on the shoulders of your authority. And all the believers, in the institution of your regality, will take courage and in you will be strengthened all the Christians who inhabits the habitable world. A salutation, through a writing of my own hand, I, Papa, send to your believing majesty. May the Cross of our Savior Christ, through which your majesty has been exalted and became great, guard the whole church that is under the heaven. Amen.

Footnotes

‎1  E corrupted/lacuna; M3 ܗܵܕܹܐ

‎2  BC ܠܦܢܝܼܬܵܐ ; E corrupted/lacuna; M3 ܠܣܲܢܝܘܼ

‎3  E corrupted/lacuna; B om.

‎4  E corrupted/lacuna; AM3 om (blank space); M1 ܣܲܡܵܐ

‎5  AM3 om (blank space); C ܕܲܬܼܚܘܿܬܼ

‎6  E corrupted/lacuna; AM3 om (blank space); M1 ܐܸܢܘܿܢ ;

‎7  E corrupted/lacuna; AM3 om (blank space); M1 ܘܲܬܿܬܲܪܨܘܼܢ ; C presents two alternative versions: ܘܲܬܕܘܼܢܘܼܢ (put into brackets) or ܘܲܬܕܲܒܿܪܘܼܢ

‎8  E corrupted/lacuna; C ܛܲܢܵܢܵܐ

‎9  E corrupted/lacuna; AM3 om (blank space)

‎10  E corrupted/lacuna; AM3 om (blank space); M1C: ܫܲܒܲܚܢ

‎11  E corrupted; A ܘܲܒܼܬܼܵܘܕܝܼܬܼܵܐ

‎12  M1 ܕܠܒܢ ; E corrupted: ...ܕܠܒ

‎13  EA: ...ܩܪܒ ; BM1C ܩܲܪܸܒܼܢܲܢ

‎14  M1C add (E presents a lacuna here, A a blank space)

‎15  E corrupted/lacuna; B ܠܡܪܝ ; M3 ܠܡܫܝܚܐ

‎16  Sic! Based on the meaning, this could be a wrong reading for ܢܦܪܘܣ (a second hand in C proposes this reading adding it in the line-spacing) or ܢܦܫܘܛ . The mistake should have happened in E (or before).

‎17  E corrupted/lacuna; M3 ܒܟܼܠ

‎18  E corrupted/lacuna; M3 ܠܐ ܢܵܫܐ

‎19  E corrupted/lacuna; A partially omits (ܬܫ then blank space); M3 ܬܸܫܩܘܿܠ

‎20  B: ܕܫܘܠܛܵܢܐ ; Then B continues with a different text (from the Letters of Papa to the Nisibenes). The finale of the Letter of Papa to Helena can be found, in B, at f. 109v. At f. 109v a marginal note, in Latin, informs us: Desunt hic nonnulla quae vide pag. 228 Finis epistulae Papae ad imperatricem. The order of the letters in B is different (probably owe to the fact the leaves of the original manuscript were dismembered at that time).

‎21  This paragraphs is particularly damaged in E (AM3 both leave blank spaces where E is illegible; B leaves a long blank space).

‎22 M1: medicine

‎23 C: to (judge)/manage; M1: to be directed

‎24  A: thanksgiving

‎25 Probably mistaken reading for: "to stretch out"

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Note:
Papa bar Aggai, “Letter from the saint Papa to the queen Helena” edited by , Digital Syriac Corpus, last modified May 9, 2025, https://syriaccorpus.org/688.

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https://syriaccorpus.org/688
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Type of Text: Born Digital Diplomatic Edition  
Status: Proofed Digital Edition  
Publication Date: May 9, 2025
Preparation of Electronic Edition:
TEI XML encoding by James E. Walters.
Syriac text transcribed by Annunziata Di Rienzo.
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How to Cite this Electronic Edition
Note:
Papa bar Aggai, “Letter from the saint Papa to the queen Helena” edited by , Digital Syriac Corpus, last modified May 9, 2025, https://syriaccorpus.org/688.

TEST2

Bibliography:
“Letter from the saint Papa to the queen Helena.” In , edited by . Syriaca.org, 2016-. Entry published . https://syriaccorpus.org/688.

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